Salamanders

By smell

By taste

By touch

By sight

It is lower when there are a lot of cannibals.

It is higher when there are a lot of cannibals.

Cannibals were not an indicator of extinction.

Researchers did not study the likelihood of extinction.

have distinctive physical traits associated with their behavior.

have special teeth associated with their cannibalistic behavior.

don't have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.

have distinctive physical traits associated with their cannibalistic behavior.

Mountain meadow ponds between 5,000 and 9,600 feet

Mountain meadow ponds between 2,600 and 5,000 feet

All ponds

All mountain meadow ponds

Medium incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection

There are no disadvantages

Low incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection

High incidence of disease caused by a bacterial infection

Eats other salamanders

Has larger teeth

Has a wider head

Has a wider head and larger teeth

Aquatic crustaceans and insects

Fish and Frogs

Insects and Plants

Rocks and Sand